Protests are spreading in Indonesia-ruled West Papua in response to harassment of Papuans during explosive incidents in Javanese cities last week.
Indonesia's president has urged calm after some of the protests turned violent, but he's been criticised for not directly addressing a festering racism problem.
Protesters in Jayapura. Photo: Whens Tebay
The unrest was triggered when dozens of Papuan university students in Surabaya were assaulted by a mob on Saturday and later arrested.
One of the students had allegedly trashed an Indonesian flag on the country's independence day anniversary
The angry scene was echoed in an incident in the city of Semarang where a Papuan student dormitory was surrounded by civilian groups demanding the students fly the Indonesian flag.
Nationalist sentiment was running high at the weekend, as it always does on independence day.
An Indonesian researcher with Human Rights Watch, Andreas Harsono, said anti-Papuan sentiment was also on the rise in the country.
"Military-related militias are starting to increase their campaign against Papua by showing that the Papuans (are) refusing to raise the Indonesian flag, hoping that it will exasperate the situation on the island of Java, Indonesia's most important island," Mr Harsono said.
The students were repeatedly called "monkeys" and other racist slurs, sparking thousands to march in the streets back in Papua.
In Manokwari, videos posted to social media showed the parliament building on fire and roads blocked by burning tires.
Protesters burned tyres during demonstrations in Manokwari on 19 August, 2019. Photo: Ucu Sawaki
The unrest prompted Indonesia's president, Joko Widodo, to appeal for calm.
"I know that there are hurt feelings but as fellow citizens the best thing is to forgive each other," Mr Widodo told a media conference.
"It is okay to be emotional but forgiving is better. Being patient is also better. And be confident that the government will continue to safeguard your dignity and prosperity."
Indonesia's police chief, Tito Karnavian, has focussed blame for the destruction in Manokwari on the people who posted about the Surabaya incident on social media. He described it as hoax news.
The Secretary-General of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua, Octo Mote. Photo: RNZI / Koroi Hawkins
But US-based Papuan independence leader Octo Mote said this response, along with that of the president's, was disappointing.
"Now the Indonesian president, he ignored what's going on. Then he said, 'ok guys just apologise to each other'. So West Papuans should apologise for what? He doesn't condemn the racism. He doesn't say racism is not right."
According to Mr Mote, harassment of Papuans is a long running problem in Indonesia.
"From the beginning, this is an Asian (people) who invade Melanesian land, seeing us as sub-human beings with black and curly hair."
He said the allegation about Papuans disrespecting the Indonesian flag in Surabaya was simply used as a trigger by the mob, who laid siege to the students' dorm.
"Because of that hatred, they try to find a way. That's what happens not only there but that same incident happens in so many cities outside of Papua. As a journalist who worked there so many years, we experienced this in our daily lives under Indonesian colonialism, the discrimination and racism we experience in everyday life," Mr Mote said.
Monday's peaceful protest in Jayapura was the biggest in Papua in years. There have been surprisingly few arrests, even where the protests turned violent such as in Manokwari.
Police blockade the protest in Jayapura. Photo: Whens Tebay
On Tuesday a local resident, Ucu Sawaki, said the city's streets had quickly returned to normal calm.
"Police is still everywhere and the security is also good this morning but still people are still afraid to go out from the house. So just couples, motorcycles and cars but it's not like in the past."
Indonesia's government said it had restricted internet access to Papua and West Papua provinces as the protests took place.
In a statement, the Ministry of Communication and Information said it had acted to throttle access in several areas because of the potential for disinformation to create social disorder.
"We can say that the purpose of throttling is to prevent the wide spread of hoax (fake news) that trigger action," the ministry said.
But it is unlikely that such measures will stop Papuans protesting this week. Indeed, the monkey slurs directed at their students have provided a new impetus.
Yesterday, large mobilisations took place in other Papuan cities, including Merauke, Biak and Nabire. However in Sorong, as Papuans took to the streets, 250 prisoners escaped from the local jail amid the chaos. A manhunt by local police is underway.
Also, in signs of an impending crackdown, Indonesia has deployed more military forces to Papua to quell the unrest.
Protesters march against racism in Jayapura, August 2019. Photo: Whens Tebay
