Ruapehu, the largest active volcano in Aotearoa, and its neighbour Tongariro, are iconic mountains in the central North Island.
They don’t look like most other New Zealand volcanoes though - their rough, undulating cones more closely resemble those found in Iceland.
GNS volcanologist Graham Leonard joins us to explain the ongoing clash between fire and ice that forges their unique shape, and to share the latest science on these “tenacious rogues”.